Plunger Pump Parts
2 month ago
Product details
Plunger Pump Partswith technical specifications, functions, and maintenance recommendations, suitable for engineering documentation or procurement:
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1. Cylinder Block（缸体）
• Function: The rotating core component of a plunger pump, containing multiple plunger bores. It works with the drive shaft to convert rotational motion into hydraulic energy via reciprocating plunger movement.
• Structural Features:
• Typically made of high-strength alloy steel or cast iron, with precision-machined surfaces (e.g., chrome plating) to reduce wear.
• Plunger bores are arranged radially or axially, cooperating with the port plate for oil suction and discharge.
• Applications: Axial plunger pumps (e.g., A4V series), radial plunger pumps (e.g., R series).
• Common Failures: Wear on plunger bore walls, scoring on the port plate surface.
2. Piston Shoes（滑靴）
• Function: Connects the plunger to the swash plate, converting linear plunger motion into rotational swash plate motion while bearing high-pressure oil side forces.
• Structural Features:
• Hard chrome-plated or ceramic-coated surfaces for enhanced wear resistance.
• Hydrostatic oil film grooves at the base to form a lubricating film and reduce friction.
• Applications: High-pressure axial plunger pumps (e.g., PV20 series).
• Common Failures: Oil film breakdown leading to scuffing, surface wear.
3. Retainer Plate（保持板）
• Function: Secures the position of plungers or piston shoes to prevent dislodgement during high-speed rotation, ensuring motion stability.
• Structural Features:
• Usually a steel ring structure with a smooth surface to minimize friction.
• May incorporate springs or clips for preloading.
• Applications: High-speed or heavy-duty plunger pumps (e.g., construction machinery pumps).
• Common Failures: Deformation, spring failure causing plunger misalignment.
4. Charge Pump（补油泵）
• Function: Supplies oil to closed hydraulic systems, maintains control pressure, and prevents cavitation and air ingestion.
• Structural Features:
• Often a gear or vane pump with low flow but stable pressure.
• Integrated into the main pump or as a standalone module.
• Applications: Closed-loop plunger pumps (e.g., mobile machinery pumps).
• Common Failures: Gear wear, leakage causing insufficient charge oil.
5. Control Valve（控制阀）
• Function: Regulates pump displacement, pressure, or flow direction for variable control or system protection.
• Types:
• Pressure Control Valves: Relief valves, pressure-reducing valves.
• Flow Control Valves: Throttle valves, flow regulators.
• Directional Control Valves: Directional valves, check valves.
• Applications: Variable displacement plunger pumps (e.g., electro-hydraulic proportional control pumps).
• Common Failures: Valve spool sticking, spring failure causing control malfunction.
6. Ball Guide（球导轨）
• Function: In swash plate-type plunger pumps, restricts the swash plate tilt angle and transmits motion via rolling contact between steel balls and guides.
• Structural Features:
• High-precision polished steel balls; guide slots made of wear-resistant materials (e.g., copper alloy).
• Designed with lubrication channels to reduce rolling friction.
• Applications: High-pressure variable displacement plunger pumps (e.g., A10VSO series).
• Common Failures: Ball wear, guide slot deformation causing motion jamming.
7. Swash Plate（斜盘）
• Function: Adjusts pump displacement by varying its tilt angle, converting rotational motion into reciprocating plunger motion.
• Structural Features:
• Typically cast iron or alloy steel with hard chrome plating.
• Tilt angle adjustable via mechanical or hydraulic means (e.g., manual variable, servo control).
• Applications: Variable displacement axial plunger pumps (open/closed-loop systems).
• Common Failures: Surface wear, stuck angle adjustment mechanisms.
Supplementary Notes: Component Selection & Maintenance Recommendations
1. Material Compatibility: For high-temperature or high-pressure applications, choose corrosion-resistant, fatigue-resistant materials (e.g., stainless steel, ceramic coatings).
2. Sealing Requirements: All dynamic mating surfaces (e.g., plunger-cylinder, piston shoe-swash plate) require high-performance seals (e.g., U-cups, Stepseals).
3. Maintenance Intervals: Inspect key components every 2,000–5,000 operating hours; regularly replace consumables (e.g., seals, springs).
For specific model parameters or procurement details, provide the pump model (e.g., Rexroth A4VG, Eaton 60VQ) or application (e.g., excavators, injection molding machines)
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