solenoid valve and coil

2 month ago

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4 year

Product details

Solenoid Valve

1. Definition and Function:

• A solenoid valve is an electromechanical device that utilizes electromagnetic force to control the flow of fluids (gases, liquids, etc.).

• By energizing or de-energizing the electromagnetic coil, a magnetic field is generated to drive the valve spool, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the valve.

2. Working Principle:

• Energized: When the electromagnetic coil is energized, a magnetic field is produced, attracting the valve spool (iron core) to move, altering the state of the channels within the valve body, and allowing or preventing fluid flow.

• De-energized: When the electromagnetic coil is de-energized, the magnetic field disappears, and a return spring pushes the valve spool back to its initial position, restoring the valve to its original state.

3. Types:

• Classification by Structure:

• Direct-Acting Solenoid Valve: The coil directly drives the valve spool when energized, suitable for low-pressure and small-flow applications.

• Pilot-Operated Solenoid Valve: Utilizes a pilot valve to control the opening of the main valve, suitable for high-pressure and large-flow applications.

• Classification by Function:

• Normally Closed (NC): The valve is closed when de-energized and opens when energized.

• Normally Open (NO): The valve is open when de-energized and closes when energized.

• Classification by Control Method:

• Single Solenoid Control: One electromagnetic coil controls the opening and closing of the valve.

• Double Solenoid Control: Two electromagnetic coils separately control the two positions of the valve, featuring self-locking functionality.

4. Application Areas:

• Industrial Automation: Used to control the flow direction, flow rate, and pressure of pneumatic and hydraulic systems.

• Automotive Industry: Controls fuel injection, braking systems, emission control systems, etc.

• Household Appliances: Such as water flow control in washing machines, dishwashers, and air conditioners.

• Medical Equipment: Ensures precise and safe fluid control.

• Agricultural Irrigation: Automatically controls water flow in irrigation systems.

5. Installation and Maintenance:

• Installation Orientation: Typically installed vertically with the coil facing upwards to avoid side mounting, which may result in improper valve closure.

• Fluid Direction: Should be installed according to the arrow indicators on the valve body to prevent reverse installation, which may lead to valve failure.

• Power Requirements: The voltage and frequency should match the rated values of the solenoid valve to prevent coil burnout due to excessive voltage or insufficient suction due to low voltage.

• Regular Maintenance: Clean dirt from inside and outside the valve body, check for damaged seals, and regularly replace consumable parts.

Coil

1. Definition and Function:

• The coil is the core component of a solenoid valve, generating a magnetic field when energized to drive the valve spool.

• It converts electrical energy into magnetic energy, serving as the "power source" for the solenoid valve.

2. Working Principle:

• Current Flow: When current flows through the coil wound around an iron core, a magnetic field is generated.

• Magnetic Field Establishment: According to electromagnetic induction laws, a concentrated magnetic field forms inside and around the coil.

• Magnetic Force Drive: The magnetic field magnetizes the movable iron core within the valve spool, producing an attractive force that overcomes spring force and fluid pressure, driving the valve spool to move.

3. Types:

• Classification by Current Type:

• DC Coil: Uses direct current power, commonly found in applications requiring a stable magnetic field.

• AC Coil: Uses alternating current power, featuring a simple structure and low cost.

• Classification by Working Method:

• Monostable Coil: The valve operates when energized and resets via a spring when de-energized.

• Bistable Coil (Pulse Coil): Controls the opening and closing of the valve through positive and negative pulses, featuring energy-saving characteristics.

4. Characteristics and Parameters:

• Voltage and Current: The coil is designed with rated operating voltage and current; excessive or insufficient values can affect performance.

• Resistance: The direct current resistance of the coil influences current size and heat generation.

• Power: The electrical power consumed by the coil affects driving capability and heat generation.

• Insulation Class: The insulation material of the coil winding determines the maximum tolerable temperature.

• Protection Class: Represented by IP codes, indicating dust and water resistance levels, such as IP65 and IP67.

5. Installation and Maintenance:

• Installation Method: Press the coil onto the armature tube of the solenoid valve until a "click" sound is heard, indicating proper installation.

• Prevent Water Ingress: Ensure cables are led out through a drip loop to prevent water from entering the junction box.

• Regular Inspection: Check for coil overheating, damaged insulation, and broken leads.

Cooperation Between Solenoid Valve and Coil

• Working Relationship:

• The coil is the control component of the solenoid valve, controlling the movement of the valve spool through energization and de-energization.

• The valve body of the solenoid valve is the execution component, altering the fluid channel state according to the coil's drive.

• Control Methods:

• Single Coil Control: One coil controls the opening and closing of the valve, featuring a simple structure but requiring continuous energization to maintain the state.

• Double Coil Control: Two coils separately control the two positions of the valve, featuring self-locking functionality, energy efficiency, and reliability.

• Application Examples:

• Single Solenoid Control: Used for simple on/off control, such as unidirectional motion of a pneumatic cylinder.

• Double Solenoid Control: Used in applications requiring state maintenance, such as bidirectional motion of a pneumatic cylinder.