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Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is a key organic compound widely used in chemical synthesis, food preservation, and industrial applications. Its pure, undiluted form is referred to as glacial acetic acid due to its ice-like crystalline structure at low temperatures.

One common method of producing acetic acid is through the acetic acid from ethanol process, where ethanol undergoes controlled oxidation. Another major industrial process is the carbonylation synthesis of acetic acid, which involves the reaction of methanol with carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst, often called the acetic acid in carbonyl process. This method is highly efficient for large-scale production.

The term carbonyl acetic acid (or carbonyl acetate) may refer to intermediates or derivatives formed during carbonylation reactions. Additionally, the acetic acid in alcohol process highlights its role in esterification and solvent applications.