V-0 Flame Retardant FR ABS Plastic Sheets
2 week ago
Product details
V-0 Flame Retardant FR ABS Plastic Sheets
FR ABS Sheet (flame-retardant acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer sheet), with its core properties of "flame retardancy and safety, mechanical balance, and ease of processing," has become a key material for fire safety in the electronics, automotive, and construction industries.
Scientific Characteristics and Core Advantages
Flame Retardancy Principle and Modification Mechanism
The flammability of ordinary ABS stems from the styrene and acrylonitrile components in its molecular structure. Styrene releases a large amount of heat when burned, while acrylonitrile promotes flame propagation. FR ABS Sheet achieves enhanced safety performance through the following flame retardant mechanisms:
Gas-phase flame retardancy: Adding bromine-containing (such as decabromodiphenyl ether, now gradually being replaced due to environmental regulations) or phosphorus-based flame retardants (such as triphenyl phosphate) decomposes during combustion to produce non-combustible gases (such as hydrogen bromide and water vapor), diluting the oxygen concentration and lowering the combustion zone temperature.
Condensed-phase flame retardancy: Brominated epoxy resins or metal hydroxides (such as magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide) form a char layer at high temperatures, covering the material surface and isolating oxygen and heat transfer, slowing the spread of combustion.
Synergistic Effect: Combining phosphorus- and nitrogen-based flame retardants (such as melamine polyphosphate + red phosphorus) synergistically improves flame retardancy by promoting char formation and inhibiting free radicals, thereby reducing the amount of a single flame retardant required (minimizing the impact on material properties).
Inheritance and Optimization of Basic Performance
FR ABS Sheet uses ordinary ABS as its base material, retaining its core advantages while offering targeted optimizations:
Mechanical Properties: Tensile strength ≥40 MPa (ISO 527), flexural strength ≥60 MPa (ISO 178), Charpy notched impact strength ≥15 kJ/m² (ISO 179, maintaining ≥10 kJ/m² at -20°C). Although the addition of flame retardants results in slightly lower strength than ordinary ABS (a decrease of approximately 5%-10%), it is still significantly superior to ordinary plastics (e.g., PP has a tensile strength of only 30-40 MPa).
Processing Flow: The melt flow rate (MFR, at 220°C/10kg) is 5-25 g/10min (can be optimized by adjusting the flame retardant particle size and dispersion process), making it suitable for complex structural molding through injection molding and extrusion (e.g., thin-walled electronic housings with a minimum wall thickness of 0.5 mm).
Excellent Flame Retardancy and Safety Performance
Flame Retardancy Rating: Meets mainstream international standards—UL94 V-0 (vertical burning test, sample self-extinguishes within 10 seconds after removal from flame, with no dripping that ignites cotton wool), V-1 (self-extinguishes within 30 seconds after removal from flame, small dripping is permitted but does not ignite), and 5VA (a higher requirement, suitable for materials that are not easily ignited when exposed to flame). Oxygen Index (OI) ≥ 26 (common ABS: 18, common plastics like PS: 18-20), with some high-end grades reaching 35 or higher (suitable for demanding applications like aerospace).
Low Smoke and Non-Toxic: FR ABS Sheet utilizes a halogen-free flame retardant system (e.g., phosphorus + nitrogen) that produces over 50% less smoke than halogen-containing flame retardants (e.g., bromine) during combustion, and releases no toxic gases (e.g., dioxins). This meets the stringent low-smoke and toxicity requirements of standards such as EN45545-2 (railway transportation) and GB 8624 (Chinese Building Materials Fire Protection).
Thermal Stability: Heat Deflection Temperature (HDT, under 1.82 MPa load) is 80-100°C (compared to 80-95°C for standard ABS). Some reinforced FR ABS (with added glass fiber) can reach 120-130°C, making it suitable for fire-resistant components in high-temperature environments (such as electronic enclosures around automotive engine compartments).
Other Comprehensive Properties
Chemical Resistance: Stable to lubricating oils, hydraulic oils, and weak acids and bases (e.g., pH 5-9 solutions), and resistant to organic solvents such as mineral oil, gasoline, and ethanol (no significant swelling after immersion for three months). However, it is sensitive to strong oxidants (e.g., concentrated sulfuric acid) (a common limitation of standard ABS).
Electrical Insulation: Volume resistivity ≥ 10¹⁴ Ω·cm (ISO 3915 standard), dielectric constant 3.0 (at 1kHz), suitable for low-frequency electrical insulation components (e.g., switch panels, socket housings).
Dimensional Stability: Linear thermal expansion coefficient of 7×10⁻⁵/°C (close to aluminum's 2.3×10⁻⁵/°C), water absorption ≤ 0.3% (standard ABS: 0.2%-0.4%), and minimally affected by temperature and humidity fluctuations (tolerance control ±0.05 mm), making it suitable for precision structural parts (e.g., electronic equipment housings).
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